Inge Lehmann, Danish Geophysicist and Seismologist (1888-1993)

Discovered composition of Earth’s core.  She theorized that the inner core was solid with a molten outer core surrounding it.  Her thesis was not able to be proven until computers were utilized in 1971.

Educated at Copenhagen University and Cambridge, she interpreted seismic P-waves from earthquakes as indicative of the composition of the inner core. Later in her career, she discovered the step-change increase in seismic wave, depending on depths, commonly measured at 190 and 250 km.  This discovery was named after her, as the Lehmann Discontinuity.

Sources:
Inga Lehmann.Wikipedia (website).  Accessed 28 December 2021.